The office of Alien Property Custodian was created by the Trading with the Enemy Act of October 6, 1917. According to the act, the right to seize enemy property was vested in the president, which was then delegated to the Alien Property Custodian. This collection consists of nine volumes, fifty-eight booklets, and foldouts concerning U.S. patents vested in the Alien Property Custodian (1943-1946). The materials specifically deal with mechanical and electrical patents, as well as chemical patents.

Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours (1739-1817) was a French political economist, writer, publisher, and public administrator. In 1802, he held various government posts under Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821). In 1803, he aided President Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) in negotiations for the Louisiana Purchase, a land deal transferring ownership of more than 530 million acres of territory to the United States from France. The principal item of this collection is a letter to James Monroe, minister plenipotentiary to negotiate the Louisiana Purchase, dated May 7, 1803. The letter is encased in a leather bound portfolio containing the original handwritten French letter, a typed English translation, and three other items.

The Science and Technology Department series is arranged in two subseries: Committees, subcommittees, and task forces, and Subject files. This material should be considered in conjunction with the Resources and Technology Department material.

The Committees, subcommittees, and task forces subseries contains mailings, meeting material, member lists, minutes, and agendas from various committees and subcommittees. The material is arranged by committee or subcommittee and then chronologically. Some of the committees and subcommittees represented include Oceanography Subcommittee, Patents Committees, Research Committee, and Water Resources Research Subcommittee.

The Subject files subseries consists of files that were maintained by the Science and Technology Department on a variety of topics of interest to the department and likely used as reference. Several subjects are included, but main subjects are the FCC on interdependence of computer and communication services and facilities, oceans, patents, and trademarks.