The Philadelphia Commercial Museum (PCM) was a museum located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its collections were focused on worldwide manufacturing and trade, with an emphasis on domestic and foreign commerce relations. The museum was organized in 1894 by Dr. William Powell Wilson (1844-1927), a biology professor at the University of Pennsylvania, with the support of Dr. William Pepper Jr. (1843-1898), the university's provost from 1881 to 1884, the founder of the Free Library of Philadelphia.

The goal of the museum was to house objects from the Centennial International Exhibition, held in Philadelphia in 1876, and the World's Columbian Exposition, held in Chicago in 1893. Funding was to come from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the City of Philadelphia, and private contributors.

The city agreed to partner with the museum, and PCM was established by the Philadelphia City Ordinance in 1894. It opened in 1897 in the former general office building of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), PRR president George Brooke Roberts (1833-1897) having become a patron of the project. The original exhibitions included raw materials and trade products from around the world, as well as a large model ship collection.

Four new museum buildings, constructed between 1897 and 1899, were designed by Philadelphia architectural firm G.W. & W.D. Hewett. Known as the "Philadelphia Museums," PCM's completion was celebrated by hosting the 1899 National Export Exhibition, which ran from September 14 to November 30, 1899, and attracted more than one million visitors. The buildings held exhibition space, tradeshow space, printshops, and workshops, as well as the Foreign Trade Bureau; Library of Commerce and Travel; Translation Department; and the Bureau of Information, which collected trade and economic activity statistics and served as a liaison for visiting foreign tradespeople; and an educational program providing lectures and free distribution to schools of materials for geographic and commercial instruction. It published a weekly bulletin for American manufacturers and a monthly journal, Commercial America.

In 1931, PCM partnered with the City of Philadelphia to build the Municipal Auditorium, which would serve as a convention center for the city for several decades. PCM came to be known as the Philadelphia Civic Center Museum in the 1960s and remained so until the museum's closure in 1994. PCM was also affiliated with the Port of History Museum from the 1980s until the mid-1990s. After PCM's closure, the remaining collections were distributed to various local institutions through the Orphans' Court of the City of Philadelphia.