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Walter W. Maule papers on the mushroom industry, 1936-1985

 Series
Accession: 2735Identifier: 2735-II.

Dates

  • Creation: 1936-1985

Biographical Note

Walter W. Maule (1892-1964) was a mushroom grower and manager of the Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association, an organization established by Pennslyvania area farmers to advocate for their industry and to make scientific advances in the market.

Maule was born to George Clark Maule (1858-1939) and Clara Brinton Maule (1863-1939) in 1892. He was raised in Chester County, Pennsylvania, and grew up working on his family farm, where mushrooms were one of the principal crops. His college education was interrupted by serving in the Armed Forces in World War I; he received a degree from Swarthmore College in 1919.

Maule helped establish the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association in 1925. The organizations also owned a large-scale mushroom cannery, the Mushroom Cooperative Canning Company, in order to sell mushrooms to further markets year-round, where shipping fresh mushrooms was not viable, as well as a fleet of trucks that made mushroom deliveries to New York, Philadelphia, and the Washington D.C. metro area. Maule was secretary and general manager of the Mushroom Cooperative Canning Company from 1920 to 1932. He was manager of the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association from 1932 until 1958.

He also served as director of the National Canners Association, trustee of the American Institute of Cooperation, and organizing president and council member of the Pennsylvania Association of Farmer Cooperatives. Maule appeared before congress to testify on behalf of the mushroom industry to support a tariff on imported mushrooms and declare mushroom farming an essential agricultural crop during World War II. He was also instrumental in making Kennett Square the "mushroom capital of the world."

Scope and Contents

The Walter Maule papers on the mushroom industry includes newsletters, press clippings, and papers detailing the expanding mushroom industry around Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, and its ascension as the major player in the national mushroom industry under the guidance of the farmer-owned cooperative, the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association.

Several agricultural congressional bills from 1961 to 1962 are included, which detail increased government spending on mushroom and agricultural research, one of the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association’s major lobbying interests. Context for these can be found in Maule’s correspondence which includes multitudes of letters written to Congressional representatives on behalf of the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association.

Press clippings about the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association, particularly numerous during Maule’s leadership of the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association, span from 1936 to 1981. Various articles from 1936 show the turmoil the mushroom industry struggled with as in-fighting among board members and farmers made headlines. Articles from the 1960s detail the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association and the industry at its peak with record crops, successful lobbying efforts, and improved canning and transportation methods, allowing the industry to expand nationally. Several clippings from 1981 include images and descriptions of a destructive fire at the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association building in Kennett Square. A “Mushroom News” newsletter from 1949 provides a comprehensive biography of Walter Maule’s life and career up until that point, ten years before his retirement.

Lastly, mushroom industry reports provide a comprehensive look at the changes the Mushroom Growers Cooperative Association effected on various facets of the industry, from canning to agricultural research to best mushroom farming practices.

Extent

From the Collection: 1 Linear Foot

Language of Materials

From the Collection: English

Additional Description

Access Restrictions

No restrictions on access; this collection is open for research.

Related Names

Creator

Repository Details

Repository Details

Part of the Manuscripts and Archives Repository

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