Science and Corporate Strategy is a scholarly history of research and development at the DuPont Company authored by David A. Hounshell (1950-) and John Kenly Smith (1951-).

The book was the outgrowth of an idea of Edward G. Jefferson (1921-2006), chairman and chief executive officer of E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company from 1981 to 1986 and a former research chemist. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company is a chemical company more commonly referred to as the DuPont company. Jefferson felt that a history of the company's research and development programs would make an important contribution to U.S. historical scholarship and to current issues in public policy.

David A. Hounshell, a professor of the history of technology at the University of Delaware, and John Kenly Smith, one of his students in the Hagley Graduate Program with an undergraduate degree in chemistry, were asked to conduct the research and to write a scholarly history. They were given free access to the company's records and key personnel under the supervision of a committee of corporate officers. Their project was supported by DuPont through a grant dispensed through the Hagley Museum and Library.